Barbican bahr-bi-kuhn Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French barbecane, from Medieval Latin barbacana 1) An outwork or forward extension of a castle gateway. (Gies, Joseph and Francis. Life in a Medieval Castle, 225) 2) Outerwork of a castle, providing additional defence for the gatehouse. (Prestwich, Michael. Armies and Warfare in the… Read More »Medieval Term of the Week: Barbican
Hoarding [hawr-ding, hohr-] Wooden galleries erected on the face of a castle’s battlements to enable the defenders to fire on men attacking the base of the wall. (Wise, Terence. Medieval Warfare, 249)
Coif Pronunciation: [koif] Middle English coife, from Anglo-French, from Late Latin cofea 1) Mail hood covering the head (Wise, Terence. Medieval Warfare, 247) 2) a hoodlike cap worn under a veil by nuns 3) any of various hoodlike caps, varying through the centuries in shape and purpose, worn by men… Read More »Medieval Term of the Week: Coif
Falchion Pronunciation: [fawl-chuhn, -shuhn] Etymology: Middle English fauchoun, from Anglo-French fauchun, from faucher to mow, from Vulgar Latin *falcare, from Latin falc-, falx 1) Broad-bladed cutting weapon. (Prestwich, Michael. Armies and Warfare in the Middle Ages: The English Experience, 347) 2) Short, curved single-edged sword with a broad blade,… Read More »Medieval Term of the Day: Falchion
Relief Pronunciation: [ri-leef] Function: noun Etymology: Middle English relef, relief, from Anglo-French from relever to relieve 1) The fee paid by the heir of a deceased person on securing possession of a fief. Tradition determines the amount demanded. 2) A fine paid by the heir of a vassal to the… Read More »Medieval Term of the Day: Relief
Retinue Pronunciation: [ret-n-oo, -yoo] Function: noun Etymology: Middle English retenue, from Anglo-French, from feminine of retenu, past participle of retenir to retain a) small troop of fighting men of all types raised on the estate of a knight b) body of persons “retained” in the service of a noble or royal personage
I’m currently reading A World Without End by Ken Follett, and his historical fiction novel is filled with medieval church architectural terms that I’m not readily familiar with, such as a clerestory or apse or chancel. I read Pillars of the Earth years ago, and some of the terms I… Read More »Glossary of Medieval Church Architecture
Investiture Pronunciation: [in-ves-ti-cher, -choor] Function: noun Etymology: Middle English, from Medieval Latin investitura, from investitus, past participle of investire The act of formally putting someone into an office or landholding; it was a major occasion of dispute in the eleventh and twelfth centuries when reformers opposed lay rulers who invested clergy… Read More »Medieval Term of the Day: Investiture